Induction of apoptosis with Salvia miltiorrhiza monomer IH764-3 via downregulating focal adhesion kinase in H2O2-stimulated hepatic stellate cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of IH764-3 on the apoptosis of H₂O₂-stimulated hepatic stellate cells(HSCs) and the alteration of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). METHODS: The proliferation of HSCs was examined by direct cell count and the apoptosis was determined by Annexin-V/PI labeling, while the morphological change was observed by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, FAK mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS: H₂O₂ promoted the proliferation of HSCs. IH764-3 induced the apoptosis of HSCs in a dose-dependent manner. The HSC apoptotic rates of different groups were 6. 35%,9. 28%,15. 10%,19. 69%,respectively, after treated with different concentrations of IH764-3 for 48 h while H₂O₂ group showed 2. 30%. In 30 mg/L group, the apoptosis rates were 6. 73%、10. 34%、15. 10% for the indicated time periods(12 h, 24 h, 48 h). In the presence of IH764-3, FAK mRNA decreased. The FAK mRNA reduction began at 2 h after adding IH764-3. CONCLUSION: IH764-3 induced the apoptosis of HSCs. Down-regulating the expression of FAK mRNA may be one of its mechanisms.     

南欧丹参花提取物杀菌活性初步研究

采用系统溶剂对南欧丹参Salvia sclarea L.花进行提取,以孢子萌发试验法、抑制菌丝生长速率法和盆栽试验系统测定了粗提物对植物病原真菌的生物活性。结果表明,石油醚为提取南欧丹参花活性成分的最佳溶剂。石油醚提取物在离体条件下能显著抑制多种供试真菌菌丝的生长,其对番茄灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea的EC50值为77.20 μg/mL;对盆栽小麦白粉病Erysiphe graminis的防护效果为94.94%,治疗效果为84.21%。     

Clinical,pathologic, and toxicologic characterization of Salvia reflexa (lance-leaf sage) poisoning in cattle fed contaminated hay

Salvia reflexa (lance-leaf sage)-contaminated alfalfa hay was fed to ~500 mixed-breed beef cattle. Within hours of exposure, nearly half of the cattle developed lethargy, anorexia, depression, and recumbency, followed by bellowing, colic, and death. Even though the uneaten contaminated hay was removed the first day, nearly 100 animals died within the first 48 h. Three of these cattle were examined postmortem, and tissues and hay samples were collected for microscopic and chemical analysis. Several days later, a smaller number of the clinically poisoned cattle developed neurologic disease with aberrant behavior, aggression, icterus, blindness, exhaustion, and death. A total of 165 cattle were fatally poisoned. Poisoned cattle had swollen, dark, mottled livers that had a prominent nutmeg-like lobular pattern on cut section. Histologically, there was severe centrilobular-to-panlobular hepatic necrosis with marked hepatocellular swelling, degeneration, and necrosis. The surviving cattle developed liver disease characterized by altered serum biochemical analyses and microscopic hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis. In subsequent biopsies and analysis, these lesions resolved within 6–7 mo. After confirming toxicity of the hay in cattle, goats, and mice, followed by a mouse bioassay–guided chemical fractionation process, Salvia reflexa was identified as the contaminant in the hay responsible for the hepatotoxicity. S. reflexa has not been reported previously to cause fatal hepatotoxicity in livestock in North America, to our knowledge.     

丹参开花与繁育特性研究

 通过田间观察和人工授粉等方法, 对丹参( Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. ) 的开花生物学和繁育特性进行了初步研究。结果表明: 丹参为无限开花植物, 总状花序上通常有两性花近50朵, 单花花期5～7d, 从花前2 d到开花6 h花粉活力和柱头可授性都较大, 两者有效可遇期约为1.5 d, 可同花自交; 丹参自交结实和自然结实主要是通过同株异花传粉获得; 结合花粉/胚珠比、杂交指数以及繁育处理的结果认为,丹参不存在无融合生殖, 繁育类型为兼性异交, 自交亲和, 需要传粉者; 传粉媒介主要是蜂类。初步推断丹参为常异花授粉植物, 并对丹参育种中适宜采用的杂交方法及育种途径进行了探讨。     

不同遮荫度对鼠尾草生长的影响

研究了不同遮荫水平(0%、50%、70%、90%)对鼠尾草生长的影响.结果表明:遮荫程度的加重,鼠尾草现蕾、开花的日期延后,开花持续的时间缩短.在开花期,随着遮荫度的增加,植株高度、花序长度、花梗长度降低,叶片长度、叶片宽增加,而整个植株、植株的地上部分及根系的鲜重和干重减少.遮荫处理的叶片数与对照处理的没有显著差异.可见,光照充足有利于鼠尾草的生长和花期的延长.     

Use of a cyclic high-pressure sodium lamp to inhibit flowering of chrysanthemum and velvet sage

Photoperiod is commonly controlled in the commercial production of ornamental crops to induce or prevent flowering. Flower induction in short-day (SD) plants can be prevented or delayed when the natural daylength is short by providing low-intensity lighting during the dark period. A stationary high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamp with an oscillating aluminum parabolic reflector (cyclic HPS) has been developed to provide intermittent lighting to greenhouse crops. We determined the efficacy of a cyclic HPS lamp at preventing flowering in SD plants garden chrysanthemum [Chrysanthemum × grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitam.] ‘Bianca’, pot chrysanthemum ‘Auburn’, and velvet sage (Salvia leucantha L.) relative to traditional night interruption (NI) lighting strategies. Plants were grown in a glass-glazed greenhouse at a mean daily temperature of 19.5–20.7 °C with natural SD photoperiods. NI lighting was delivered during the middle of the night (2230–0230 h) from a 600 W cyclic HPS lamp mounted at one gable end of the greenhouse or from incandescent (INC) lamps that were illuminated for the entire 4 h (CONT INC) or for 6 min every 30 min for 4 h. Plants under cyclic HPS were grown at lateral distances of 1, 4, 7, 10, or 13 m from under the lamp. Control plants were grown under an uninterrupted 15 h skotoperiod. As the distance from the cyclic HPS lamp increased from 1 to 13 m, the maximum irradiance measured during the NI decreased from 25.4 to 0.3 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ and time to visible inflorescence (VI) and the number of nodes at VI decreased. All species had a VI within 54 d, but ≤10% of plants flowered when grown at a lateral distance of 1 or 4 m from the cyclic HPS lamp or under CONT INC. Plants grown without NI had a VI 2 to 15 d earlier and flowered 7 to 24 d earlier than plants grown at 10 or 13 m from the cyclic HPS. All garden chrysanthemums flowered under cyclic INC, whereas velvet sage and pot chrysanthemum had 15% and 35% flowering, respectively. These results indicate that a cyclic HPS lamp can be used effectively to delay flower induction and prevent flowering in these species when NI is delivered at ≥2.4 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹.     

盐碱、温度及其互作对丹参种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

丹参(Salvia miltiorrhiza)是我国传统药用植物,本研究以丹参种子为试验材料,研究了两种变温(18℃/28℃和28℃/38℃)条件下,4种浓度(6.25、12.5、25、50 mmol·L-1)盐溶液和4种浓度(3.125、6.25、12.5、25 mmol·L-1)碱溶液对丹参种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响.结果表明:盐碱、温度及其互作对丹参种子萌发及幼苗生长均有显著影响(P<0.05).18℃/28℃处理下的丹参种子萌发和幼苗生长状况均显著优于28℃/38℃处理(P<0.05).在18℃/28℃条件下,6.25 mmol·L-1盐溶液对丹参种子萌发有促进作用,其发芽率和发芽指数显著高于清水对照(P<0.05),相对盐害率显著低于清水对照(P<0.05),12.5 mmol·L-1盐溶液和3.125 mmol·L-1碱溶液对丹参种子发芽率、发芽指数和相对盐害率无显著影响(P>0.05),25和50 mmol·L-1盐溶液以及6.25、12.5和25 mmol·L-1碱溶液胁迫处理均显著降低丹参种子发芽率和发芽指数(P<0.05),增加相对盐害率(P<0.05);28℃/38℃条件下,6.25和12.5 mmol·L-1盐溶液以及3.125和6.25 mmol·L-1碱溶液胁迫对丹参种子发芽率、发芽势和相对盐害率无显著影响(P>0.05),25、50 mmol·L-1盐溶液和12.5、25.0 mmol·L-1碱溶液均显著降低丹参种子发芽率和发芽指数(P<0.05),增加相对盐害率(P<0.05).盐胁迫和碱胁迫处理均显著抑制丹参苗长生长(P<0.05);两种变温条件下,6.25、12.5 mmol·L-1盐溶液和3.125 mmol·L-1碱溶液对丹参幼苗叶长生长无显著影响(P>0.05),25、50 mmol·L-1盐溶液以及6.25、12.5和25 mmol·L-1碱溶液均显著抑制叶长生长(P<0.05);18℃/28℃下6.25 mmol·L-1盐溶液对幼苗叶宽生长有促进作用,除28℃/38℃下6.25 mmol·L-1盐溶液和3.125 mmol·L-1碱溶液对叶宽生长无显著影响(P>0.05)外,其余盐碱胁迫处理均显著抑制叶宽生长(P<0.05).综上,盐碱、温度及其交互作用显著影响丹参种子萌发和幼苗生长,低温条件下盐碱对丹参种子的影响相对较小;丹参种子萌发和幼苗生长对碱胁迫更为敏感;建议丹参种子盐碱育苗时应选择盐碱度较低的土地,适宜在18℃/28℃较低温度时进行育苗.     

烤烟、丹参轮作高效种植模式的研究

本文主要通过研究烤烟-丹参轮作的种植模式,发现烟药轮作可以改善土壤结构,降低烟草土传病害的发生率和病情指数,从而增加烤烟亩产量和亩产值,增加上等烟比例,同时烟药轮作还可以提高烟叶的内在质量,促进烟草高质量发展。     

添加配重的五杆式丹参移栽机构动力学优化设计与试验

配重法能降低五杆式丹参移栽机构的振动,改善其动力学性能.为获取所添加配重的最优参数,建立五杆式丹参移栽机构的动力学模型,在动力学模型的基础上建立移栽机构的动力学优化模型,运用多目标函数获取机构不同转速下所添加配重的优化参数,通过动力学分析,确定曲柄转速为60 r/min时所对应的配重参数为最优参数组合:曲柄AB添加配重...     

基于MaxEnt的南丹参在中国的潜在分布区预测及适生性分析

[目的]对南丹参在中国的潜在分布区进行预测,并对适生性进行分析。[方法]通过收集中草药南丹参的分布信息,利用最大熵模型(MaxEnt)与地理信息系统(ArcGIS),综合相关68项环境因子,分析南丹参在中国的分布信息。[结果]全国适合于南丹参分布的地区主要集中在湖南、江西、浙江和福建等地,其高适生区面积依次为湖南省(319.44 km2)、江西省(251.39 km2)、浙江省(122.92 km2)、福建省(62.5 km2);刀切法(Jackknife)分析显示,南丹参分布主要受到降水的影响。[结论]该研究结果为南丹参的野生资源利用及其他南丹参相关研究提供了一定技术手段和理论依据。